4-Hydroxynonenal-d3 (4-HNE-d3) is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxynonenal. 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is an α,β unsaturated hydroxyalkenal and an oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarker. 4-Hydroxynonenal is a substrate and an inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). 4-Hydroxynonenal can modulate a number of signaling processes mainly through forming covalent adducts with nucleophilic functional groups in proteins, nucleic acids, and membrane lipids. 4-Hydroxynonenal plays an important role in cancer through mitochondria^[1][2][3].

Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs^[1].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

159.24

C₉H₁₃D₃O₂

148706-06-3

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

• [1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.

  [2]. Zhong H, et al. Role of lipid peroxidation derived 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in cancer: focusing on mitochondria. Redox Biol. 2015;4:193-9.

  [3]. Csala M, et al. On the role of 4-hydroxynonenal in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 May;1852(5):826-38.

  [4]. Bhowmick S, et al. Traumatic brain injury-induced downregulation of Nrf2 activates inflammatory response and apoptotic cell death. J Mol Med (Berl). 2019 Nov 22.